The Fifth Botswana AIDS Impact Survey, BAIS V, was a household-based national survey among adults (defined as individuals aged 15 to 64 years) and children (defined as individuals aged 6 weeks to 14 years) conducted from March 2021 to August 2021 to measure the impact of the national HIV response. The survey offered HIV counseling and testing with return of results to the participants and collected information about the uptake of HIV care and treatment services.

BAIS V was led by the National AIDS and Health Promotion Agency (NAHPA), the Ministry of Health (MOH), and Statistics Botswana. The survey was conducted with funding from the United States (U.S.) President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and through technical assistance and partnership with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). BAIS V was implemented by the University of Maryland, Baltimore in collaboration with the Government of Botswana institutions. The Government of Botswana, local civil society organizations, and international development partners participated in the Technical Working Group to provide input on survey planning and survey implementation. This BAIS V data were used to estimate national HIV incidence, national and district-level HIV prevalence, and viral load suppression (VLS), defined as HIV RNA <1,000 copies per milliliter (mL) among adults living with HIV. The previous BAIS surveys were conducted in 2001, 2005, 2008, and 2013. The results of these five surveys provide critical information on national and district-level progress toward control of the HIV epidemic.